___ tina is the name.

...21'05/255

Both the author in the reading passage and the lecturer in the lecture talk about the craved stone balls that are found in Scotland. Yet their viewpoints contrast with each other. While the author mentions three theories which explain the possible purposes of the stones, including the weapons, the weight measure and the social status marker, the lecturer thinks otherwise, contending that those statements are not convincing.

First of all, while the writer states that the craved stone balls might be used as weapons for hunting because there are holes in the stones and the grooves on the surface, the speaker presents opposing discourse to such a belief, reasoning that if those stone balls were utilized for hunting, they would have been cracked and damaged. Given that the balls are all well preserved, they are unlikely to be used as weapons.

Secondly, as opposed to the conviction in the reading passage, the speaker argues that the stone type of the stone balls are not consistent, therefore, based on the theory that different stone type has different density, those stone balls' weights are not the same at all. In this case, it is possible to conclude that they are not for measuring due to the diversity.

Thirdly, presented by the speaker to diminish the authenticity of the reading passage is the argument that if the stone balls represented people's social status, they might have been buried with the people when they died. However, there are no any stone balls are found in the graves or tombs.

...36'31

Doing the projects is an inevitable and important process when people study in school. Organizing the information on a certain topic and even giving the project presentation in front of the class make the students learn how to manage the resource and how to present them in an clear way. While some people consider that working alone on the projects would be better since some lazy or irresponsible group members would make learning ineffectively, others think otherwise, contending that working together with other students is undoubtedly a nice choice because they can discuss with others, learning more from them. From my perspective, I agree that doing the projects with someone can definitely lead to an much effective studying than working on one's own.

First of all, the group members are not just members who do the assignment with us but also might be a good teacher to us. Because we are not able to know all the things in the world, there might be some prominent knowledge that we do not understand, it is really crucial to have other classmates working with us. For example, during the time of making the projects, we might confront something related to the topic but confused us, having no any ideas. Under this circumstance, other people whoever know it can tell us and solve the problems easily. 

Secondly, since we work with other classmates, which means that we have a more competitive learning environment, according to the research, we are likely to learn much more effectively. People who do the assignments alone have no idea about other students, the lack of interaction and communication with others while learning can not stimulate the motivation of studying. In this case, people will learn not that fast as people who compete with others.

Even though there are advantages of doing the projects with other students, some still believe that working alone is better because they do not need to take a risk of meeting the group members who are so lazy that just wait for the results. However, the appearance of those so-called "free riders" are not capable of making a enormous impact on the effect of learning. Most of the people study even harder when there is a free rider.

According to the above statements, I think that accomplishing the assignment with the classmates would make students lean much more effectively.